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… the of and , provided that the Member States exercise their competences in compliance with EU law. (14) 43. …

… The shall start again following each act. However, shall become effective at the latest on the day on which a equal to twice the expires without the competent authority having imposed a penalty, except where the administrative procedure has been suspended in accordance with Article 6(1). 2. The period for implementing the decision establishing the administrative penalty shall be three years. …

… The for proceedings shall be four years as from the time when the irregularity referred to in Article 1(1) was committed. … In the case of continuous or repeated irregularities, the shall run from the day on which the irregularity ceases. … The shall be by any act of the competent authority, notified to the person in question, relating to investigation or legal proceedings concerning the irregularity. …

… laid down in Article 154 have been exceeded once again, they shall be regarded as completed regardless of the number of .’ …

… Thus, even though the penalties provided for and criminal procedures established in order to counter such infringements fall within the competence of Romania, that competence is limited not only by the of proportionality and , but also by the of , which requires that those penalties are effective and act as a deterrent. …

… imprisonment of more than 10 years but not exceeding 20 years; (c) 8 years, where the offence committed is punishable by law by a term of imprisonment of more than 5 years but not exceeding 10 years; (d) 5 years, where the offence committed is punishable by law by a term of imprisonment of more than 1 year but not exceeding 5 years; (e) 3 years, where the offence committed is punishable by law by a term of imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or by a fine.’ 16 Article 155(4) of that code states: ‘If the …

… In the case of multiannual programmes, the shall in any case run until the programme is definitively terminated. The shall be by any act of the competent authority, notified to the person in question, relating to investigation or legal proceedings concerning the irregularity. The shall start again following each act. …

… of and , but constitutes the legitimate exercise of the procedural autonomy of the Member States. …

… The for proceedings shall be four years as from the time when the irregularity referred to in Article 1(1) was committed. However, the sectoral rules may make provision for a shorter which may not be less than three years. In the case of continuous or repeated irregularities, the shall run from the day on which the irregularity ceases. …

… code provides: ‘The shall commence on the day when the claim becomes due. …

… Where the claim becoming due is dependent on the entitled person undertaking a specified act, the shall commence on the day when the claim would have become due if the entitled person had undertaken that act at the earliest possible opportunity.’ 12 Article 123(1) of that code is worded as follows: ‘The shall be : (1) by any act before a court of law or other authority appointed to try cases or to enforce claims of a given kind or before an arbitration …

… of such a finding subject to a limitation period, provided that the of and are observed (see, to that effect, judgment of 10 June 2021, BNP Paribas Personal Finance, C-776/19 to C-782/19, EU:C:2021:470, paragraph 39 and the case-law cited). 91 It must therefore be held that the imposition of a limitation period on claims for restitution brought by consumers with a view to enforcing rights which they derive from Directive 93/13 is not, in itself, contrary to the …

… Those rules shall determine when the begins to run, the duration thereof and the circumstances under which it is or suspended. 2. …

… Paragraphs 2 and 4 of that article determine, in particular, the time at which the begins to run and the circumstances in which it may be or suspended. 44 Article 10(3) of that directive specifies the minimum duration of the . …

… Member States shall ensure that a is suspended or, depending on national law, , if a competition authority takes action for the purpose of the investigation or its proceedings in respect of an infringement of competition law to which the action for damages relates. …

… ’, while confirming that ‘the is by summons or judicial notification of an act’. …

… of and , but constitutes the legitimate exercise of the procedural autonomy of the Member States. …

… In the case of multiannual programmes, the shall in any case run until the programme is definitively terminated. The shall be by any act of the competent authority, notified to the person in question, relating to investigation or legal proceedings concerning the irregularity. The shall start again following each act. …

… the applicant to assert its rights under Article 102 TFEU by bringing before national courts an action for damages or any other action in direct application of that provision, in compliance with the of and (see, to that effect, judgments of 19 June 1990, Factortame and Others, C-213/89, EU:C:1990:257, paragraph 19 and the case-law cited, and of 6 June 2013, Donau Chemie and Others, C-536/11, EU:C:2013:366, paragraph 27 and the case-law cited) was in no way dependent …

… for bringing an action for damages had not been suspended or by the lodging of the complaint or by the adoption of the contested decision, in accordance with Article 10(4) of Directive 2014/104/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union (OJ 2014 L 349, p. 1). 33 However, the possibility for …

… particularly if exceeding the reasonable time had prevented it from gathering or submitting before the Commission factual or legal elements relating to the anticompetitive practices complained of or to the EU interest in pursuing the case. 31 However, the applicant has not provided any evidence capable of demonstrating that that condition is met in the present case. 32 First, the applicant merely states, in essence, that the duration of the administrative procedure was ‘crucial’, given that the …

… , in particular the rule laid down in Article 155(4) of the Criminal Code, under which takes effect, regardless of the number of , no later than the date on which a of time equal to double the statutory period concerned has expired. …

… laid down in Article 154 have been exceeded once again, they shall be regarded as completed regardless of the number of .’ …

… Thus, even though the penalties provided and criminal procedures initiated in order to counter such infringements fall within the competence of Romania, that competence is limited not only by the of proportionality and , but also by the of , which requires that those penalties are effective and act as a deterrent (see, to that effect, judgments of 2 May 2018, Scialdone, C-574/15, EU:C:2018:295, paragraph 29, and of 17 January 2019, Dzivev and Others, C …

… of and ) I. …

… Article 10 of Directive 2014/104, which is entitled ‘ ’, states: ‘1. Member States shall, in accordance with this Article, lay down rules applicable to for bringing actions for damages. Those rules shall determine when the begins to run, the duration thereof and the circumstances under which it is or suspended. 2. …

… Before considering the starting point of and the event that triggers the , I would point out that the question of the suspension or of the (despite its significance in establishing whether the one-year period is compatible with the criteria established by the case-law of the Court in the judgment in Cogeco) has not been raised in this case. …

… Those matters fell to be determined by national law, subject to observance of the of and . 44. …

… The of , however, could not last longer than half of the (absolute) , in accordance with Article 161 of the Criminal Code: as a result of the reform of that code by Law No 251/2005, the maximum duration of the of was confined to a quarter of the general . …

… In those cases, there was not, strictly speaking, a new extension of the applicable to offences, but a sudden reduction of the maximum time for which that could be (52) which had the effect ‘of neutralising the temporal effect of an event the ’. (53) 77. …