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… observe such a balance, it is necessary to take into consideration, inter alia, the duration of the concerned and all the detailed rules for its application, such as the date on which it starts to run, the mechanism adopted to start the running, and that for suspending or it (the judgment in Caronte & Tourist, paragraph 47 and the case-law cited). 52 Account must also be taken of the specific features of competition law cases and in particular of the fact that those cases …

… of and (see, to that effect, judgment of 21 January 2021, Whiteland Import Export, C-308/19, EU:C:2021:47, paragraph 37). 79 In the light of all the foregoing considerations, the answer to the question referred is that Article 101 TFEU, read in the light of the general principle of the right to good administration, Article 47 of the Charter and the principle of effectiveness, must be interpreted as not precluding national legislation which, in the context of proceedings …

… time limit for closure of the investigation procedure at issue adversely affected the exercise of its rights of defence. 78 Lastly, it should be stated that the possibility of postponing the time limit for closure of infringement proceedings under Articles 101 and 102 TFEU conducted by the national competition authorities remains, in any event, subject to the maximum limit of the absolute limitation period, the determination of which is a matter for Member States, subject to compliance with the …

… In the absence of EU legislation in this area, the rules implementing the principle of res judicata are a matter for the national legal order, in accordance with the procedural autonomy of the Member States, but must be consistent with the of and . (37) 79. …

… In this case, the total loss caused to the tax authorities was RON 268 536 (equivalent to EUR 59 304), of which VAT amounted to RON 163 656 ( to EUR 36 142). 46. Given their nature and , the facts tried (24) could, in , constitute fraud within the meaning of Article 325 TFEU and Article 1(1)(b) of the PFI Convention. (25) 47. …

… That circumstance prevented the suspect or defendant from knowing that the had been and that a new for criminal liability had begun to run. (11) 7. The Romanian legislature did not take steps to amend Article 155(1) of the Criminal Code of 2009 in the manner prescribed by the Constitutional Court, resulting in a body of inconsistent case-law of the ordinary courts on the of for criminal liability. …

… of ) or render impossible in practice or excessively difficult the exercise of rights conferred by EU law ( of ). (33) 58. …

… Article 15(5) of the Workers’ Statute provides: ‘Without prejudice to the provisions of [paragraphs] 1(a), 2 and 3, workers who have been employed, with or without , for longer than 24 months over a of 30 months in the same or a different work position with the same undertaking or group of undertakings on two or more temporary contracts, regardless of whether the workers have entered into the contracts directly or have been supplied by temporary-employment agencies, with the same …

… The fifteenth additional provision of the Workers’ Statute, which relates to ‘the application of time to contracts for a particular task or service and to successive contracts in public administrations’, states that the breach of those limits in ‘public administrations and … public bodies which are linked to or dependent on them’ cannot prevent ‘the application of the constitutional principles of equality, merit and ability in access to public employment, [and] is not an obstacle to the obligation …

… Member States shall, in accordance with this Article, lay down rules applicable to for bringing actions for damages. Those rules shall determine when the begins to run, the duration thereof and the circumstances under which it is or suspended. 2. …

… of and were observed, that latter requiring that the rules applicable to actions for safeguarding rights which individuals derive from the direct effect of EU law do not make it in practice impossible or excessively difficult to exercise rights conferred by EU law (judgment of 18 April 2024, Heureka Group (Online price comparison services), C-605/21, EU:C:2024:324, paragraph 51 and the case-law cited). 49 In that regard, it follows from that principle that, even …

… cannot begin to run before that decision has become final. 68 It must be made clear that, in the present case, that interpretation is not invalidated either by the detailed rules for the suspension and/or of the or by those concerning the staying of the proceedings before the court hearing an action for damages, as those rules appear in the documents before the Court. 69 First, as regards the possible suspension of the , it is not apparent from …

… The change in the legal situation, namely the entry into force of the GDPR, did not result in an of the . Since a complaint under Article 77 of the GDPR is also to be rejected if it is lodged out of time, the rejection of GS’ complaint was, according to the Bundesverwaltungsgericht (Federal Administrative Court), the correct decision. 26. …

… of ); nor must they render practically impossible or excessively difficult the exercise of rights conferred by EU law ( of ). (27) Thus, the Court has also pointed out that the Member States must ensure that the practical arrangements for the exercise of the remedies provided for in Article 77(1), Article 78(1) and Article 79(1) of that regulation effectively meet the requirements arising from the right to an effective remedy enshrined in Article 47 of the Charter …

… However, that court held that the one-year set out in Paragraph 24(4) of the Austrian Law on data protection had expired. In so far as GS was aware of the publication of her personal data by D on 3 July 2017 and since no further material facts had been alleged in the subsequent course of the proceedings, the right to have her complaint dealt with on the basis of Article 77 of the GDPR had already expired by the time GS lodged it, on 26 July 2018. …

… According to Article 10 of that directive, entitled ‘ ’: ‘1. Member States shall, in accordance with this Article, lay down rules applicable to for bringing actions for damages. Those rules shall determine when the begins to run, the duration thereof and the circumstances under which it is or suspended. 2. …

… More specifically, in the absence of EU rules governing the matter, before the entry into force of Directive 2014/104, ‘it is for the domestic legal system of each Member State to lay down the detailed rules governing the exercise of the right to claim compensation for the harm resulting from an agreement or practice prohibited under Article 101 TFEU, provided that the of and are observed’. (20) 38. …

… It follows from the Court’s case-law that ‘if the , which starts to run before the completion of the proceedings following which a final decision is made by the [NCA] or by a review court, is too short in relation to the duration of these proceedings and cannot be suspended or during the course of such proceedings, it is not inconceivable that that may expire even before those proceedings are completed. …

… declaration of a claim the until the proceedings have concluded. …

… Those decisions have the force of res judicata at national level, with the result that the of , and legal certainty preclude such decisions from being challenged on the basis of EU law. 120 The Commission contends that this part of the ground of appeal is inadmissible in so far as CEVA does not specify the paragraphs of the judgment under appeal to which it refers. …

… According to CEVA, it follows that the declaration of claim made by the Commission in the context of that procedure could not the , since, on the date of that declaration, that had expired. 78 In addition, CEVA submits that by finding that the had been by a summons to appear before the French criminal courts issued in respect of CEVA, the General Court erred in law inasmuch as ‘Belgian law does not provide for either the …

… provisions of EU law, it must, at the very least, conform to the of and . 81. …

… Article 28 of Law No 689/81, entitled ‘ ’, provides as follows: ‘The right to recover sums owed on account of infringements and offences referred to in this law shall be time-barred five years after the date on which the infringement or offence was committed. of the shall be governed by the provisions of the Civil Code.’ 2. The rules on consumer protection (a) The Consumer Code 29. …

… Given the extent of these preliminary activities, it seems to me, as it does to the Commission, that in many cases it would be extremely difficult, if not impossible, for the AGCM to carry out these activities within a of just 90 days. The fact that the national rules do not allow for that to be or extended makes it even more difficult to take the necessary measures within the time set. 107. …

… the claim has arisen and becomes enforceable, and once the holder of the claim is, or could reasonably be, aware of the circumstances giving rise to the claim and the person against whom it may be brought.’ 7 Under Article 121-11 of that code: ‘The following shall constitute grounds for the : (a) the bringing of the action before the courts, even if it is dismissed on the basis of a procedural defect; (b) the initiation of arbitration proceedings relating to the claim …

… of such a finding subject to a limitation period, provided that the of and are observed (see, to that effect, judgment of 10 June 2021, BNP Paribas Personal Finance, C-776/19 to C-782/19, EU:C:2021:470, paragraph 39 and the case-law cited). 27 Accordingly, it should be held that the application of a limitation period to claims for restitution brought by consumers in order to enforce rights which they derive from Directive 93/13 is not, in itself, contrary to …

… Spanish law 5 Article 121-20 of Ley 29/2002, primera Ley del Código Civil de Cataluña (Law No 29/2002, First Law of the Civil Code of Catalonia) of 30 December 2002 (BOE No 32 of 6 February 2003; ‘the Catalan Civil Code’) provides: ‘Claims of any nature become time-barred after 10 years, unless someone has previously acquired rights by usucaption or this Code or specific legislation provides otherwise.’ 6 Article 121-23(1) of the Catalan Civil Code provides: ‘The begins to run once …

… This Article is without prejudice to the rights and obligations of national courts under Article 267 TFEU.’ 6 Article 10 of that directive, entitled ‘ ’, states: ‘1. Member States shall, in accordance with this Article, lay down rules applicable to for bringing actions for damages. Those rules shall determine when the begins to run, the duration thereof and the circumstances under which it is or suspended. 2. …

… of and were observed, that latter requiring that the rules applicable to actions for safeguarding rights which individuals derive from the direct effect of EU law do not make it in practice impossible or excessively difficult to exercise rights conferred by EU law (see, to that effect, judgments of 28 March 2019, Cogeco Communications, C-637/17, EU:C:2019:263, paragraphs 42 and 43, and of 22 June 2022, Volvo and DAF Trucks, C-267/20, EU:C:2022:494, paragraph 50 …

… Member States shall ensure that a is suspended or, depending on national law, , if a competition authority takes action for the purpose of the investigation or its proceedings in respect of an infringement of competition law to which the action for damages relates. …