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… /, referred to in paragraph 45 of the present judgment, first, the controller should find simple ways to tell the data subject about the rationale behind, or the criteria relied on in reaching the automated decision. …

… Provisional text JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (First Chamber) 27 February 2025 (*) (Reference for a preliminary ruling - Protection of personal data - (EU) / - Paragraph 15(1)(h) - Automated decision-making, including profiling - Scoring - Assessment of the creditworthiness of a natural person - Access to meaningful information about the logic involved in profiling - Verification of the accuracy of the information provided - Directive (EU) 2016/943 - Point 1 of Article 2 - Trade secret …

… Kranenborg, acting as Agents, after hearing the Opinion of the Advocate General at the sitting on 12 September 2024, gives the following Judgment 1 This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation, first, of Article 15(1)(h) and Article 22 of (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/ …

… Provisional text JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (Eighth Chamber) 27 February 2025 (*) (Reference for a preliminary ruling - Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data - (EU) / - Article 4(7) - Concept of ‘controller’ - Direct designation of the controller by national law - Auxiliary administrative entity in the service of a regional government - Lack of legal personality - Lack of legal capacity of the entity’s own - Determination of the purposes and means …

… Heller, acting as Agents, having decided, after hearing the Advocate General, to proceed to judgment without an Opinion, gives the following Judgment 1 This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of Article 4(7) of (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection …

… On those grounds, the Court (Eighth Chamber) hereby rules: Article 4(7) of (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) must be interpreted as not precluding national legislation which designates, as controller, an auxiliary administrative entity lacking legal personality …

… (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ 2016 L 119, p. 1), it must be borne in mind that the interests of persons other than WebGroup Czech Republic, such as the third parties, businesspersons and companies referred to in paragraph 123 of the order under appeal, are …

… of the order under appeal, the President of the General Court observed, however, that WebGroup Czech Republic did not specify whether the information referred to in Article 39(2)(b) and (c) of Regulation 2022/2065 was sufficient to identify those third parties, businesspersons and companies with sufficient precision. 47 In that regard, while it cannot be ruled out that the information made public under that provision may include personal data protected by Articles 7 and 8 of the Charter and by …

… (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ 2016 L 119, p. 1). 45 For all that, it is not apparent from the Commission’s line of argument that all the information referred to in Article 39(2) of Regulation 2022/2065, and in particular the period during which the advertising …

… Article 6 of Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the Internal Market (‘Directive on electronic commerce’) (OJ 2000 L 178, p. 1), Article 5 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1150 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on promoting fairness and transparency for business users of online intermediation services (OJ 2019 L 186, p. 57) and Article 15 of …

… This might also be relevant in relation to Article 2(2)(a) of (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ 2016 L 119, p. 1), which provides: ‘This Regulation does not apply to the processing of personal data … in the course of an activity which falls outside the …

… to the concept of ‘undertaking’, within the meaning of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU, with the result that, where a fine for infringement of / is imposed on a controller of personal data which is or forms part of an undertaking, the maximum amount of the fine is to be determined on the basis of a percentage of the undertaking’s total worldwide annual turnover in the preceding business year. …

… Provisional text JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (Fifth Chamber) 13 February 2025 (*) (Reference for a preliminary ruling - Protection of personal data - (EU) / - Article 83(4) to (6) and (9) - Concept of an ‘undertaking’ - Parent company and subsidiary - Infringement of that regulation by a subsidiary - Calculation of the amount of the fine - Consideration of the total turnover of the group of which that subsidiary forms part) In Case C-383/23, REQUEST for a preliminary ruling under Article …

… Vang, acting as Agents, after hearing the Opinion of the Advocate General at the sitting on 12 September 2024, gives the following Judgment 1 This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of Article 83(4) to (6) of (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection …

… (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ 2016 L 119, p. 1). 2 By separate document lodged at the Registry of the Court of Justice on 4 December 2024, the Commission requested the Court to determine the present case pursuant to the expedited procedure provided for in …

… the Council of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the Internal Market (‘Directive on electronic commerce’) (OJ 2000 L 178, p. 1), Articles 14, 16 and 19 of Directive 2006/123/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on services in the internal market (OJ 2006 L 376, p. 36), Articles 7, 8, 11, 12, 47 and 48 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and Articles 5, 6, 9 and 10 of …

… Provisional text OPINION OF ADVOCATE GENERAL SZPUNAR delivered on 6 February 2025 (1) Case C-492/23 X v Russmedia Digital SRL, Inform Media Press SRL (Request for a preliminary ruling from the Curtea de Apel Cluj (Court of Appeal, Cluj, Romania)) (Reference for a preliminary ruling - Approximation of laws - Electronic commerce - Directive 2000/31/EC - Protection of personal data - (EU) / - Liability of intermediary service providers - Information society service provider also acting …

… The questions referred for a preliminary ruling in the present case concern the provisions of Directive 2000/31/EC (2) and (EU) /. (3) 2. Those questions have arisen in a dispute between an individual and the operator of an online marketplace on which an advertisement was published, without the individual’s consent, indicating that that individual was offering sexual services. The unique aspect of this case is that the advertisement in question contained personal data. 3. …

… (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation), must be interpreted as meaning that the provider of an information society service with activity consisting in hosting advertisements, whether free or paid, on a website at the request of its users acts as processor in respect of …

… See also the Article 29 Working Party’s Guidelines on transparency under /, 11 April 2018, WP 260 rev.01, paragraph 30: ‘If the change to the information is indicative of a fundamental change to the nature of the processing (e.g. enlargement of the categories of recipients or introduction of transfers to a third country) or a change which may not be fundamental in terms of the processing operation but which may be relevant to and impact upon the data subject, then that information …

… In this Opinion, reference will be made, by analogy, to the judgments applying Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (OJ 1995 L 281, p. 31) and (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement …

… /. …

… / in respect of those operations, that does not imply that the EDPB had the power itself to impose such an examination and to specify its scope in the context of a binding decision adopted on the basis of Article 65(1)(a) of /. …

… In the present case, some of the applicant’s arguments are also based on considerations or principles drawn from beyond / itself. …