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… They shall take the measures necessary to ensure that such lists are maintained in strict compliance with the Union rules on the protection of personal data as set out, inter alia, in (EU) / [of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ 2016 L 119, p. 1)] and Directive …

… The 2007 Act did not define “personal data”, but the definition of the term could be found in Article 4(1) of (EU) / on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (“General Data Protection Regulation” – “the GDPR”) (see paragraphs 132-133 below). …

… (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (OJ 2016 L 119, p. 1) (“General Data Protection Regulation” – “the GDPR”) entered into force in 2016 but applies from 25 May 2018 (Article 99(2)).[4] It applies to “natural persons”, and does not cover the processing of personal data that concern legal persons …

… First, (EU) / (6) offers different remedies to persons claiming that that regulation has been infringed. In that regard, Article 77(1) of that regulation states that it is ‘without prejudice to any other administrative or judicial remedy’ that every data subject is to have the right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority. …

… As regards the context and the objectives pursued by /, see paragraphs 36 to 44 of that judgment. 9 Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2001 on the allocation of railway infrastructure capacity and the levying of charges for the use of railway infrastructure and safety certification (OJ 2001 L 75, p. 29). …

… In my view, the wording used - and thus the system envisaged -by Directive 2014/61 resembles that of /, and differs from that of Directive 2001/14. It is therefore possible to infer that Directive 2014/61 does not oppose a parallel system. 39. However, I also acknowledge that the second subparagraph of Article 3(5) of Directive 2014/61 may be open to different interpretations. …

… Costs (Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations - Article 258 TFEU - National legislation introducing restrictions in relation to deviation from the self-identity corresponding to the sex assigned at birth, gender reassignment, or homosexuality, with a view to protecting children - Directives 2000/31/EC, 2006/123/EC, 2010/13/EU - (EU) / - Restrictions on sex education - Principle of non-discrimination - Values of the European Union as enshrined in Article 2 TEU - Reliance …

… (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ 2016 L 119, p. 1) (‘the GDPR’), as well as Article 8(2) of the Charter; and (b) order Hungary to pay the costs. …

… registration of judgments handed down by the courts of the Member States of the European Union against Hungarian citizens, and the registration of biometric data in criminal and law enforcement matters) of 19 June 2009 (Magyar Közlöny 2009/83), which obliges the body having direct access to registered data to make accessible to authorised persons the registered data of persons who have committed offences abusing the sexual freedom or sexual morality of children, Hungary has infringed Article 10 of …

… such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation), must be interpreted as meaning that a supervisory authority within the meaning of Article 4(21) of /, when acting in the context of a complaint procedure based on Article 77 of that regulation, also has the status of a ‘controller’ within the meaning of that regulation and is therefore required to ensure the data subject’s right of access provided for in Article 15 of /. (2) Article …

… Provisional text OPINION OF ADVOCATE GENERAL NORKUS delivered on 16 April 2026(1) Case C-205/25 Joachim Lindenberg v Bayerisches Landesamt für Datenschutzaufsicht (Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bayerisches Verwaltungsgericht Ansbach (Bavarian Administrative Court, Ansbach, Germany)) (Reference for a preliminary ruling - Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data - (EU) / - Article 15 - Data subject’s request for access to his or her …

… This request for a preliminary ruling from the Bayerisches Verwaltungsgericht Ansbach (Bavarian Administrative Court, Ansbach, Germany) under Article 267 TFEU concerns the interpretation of Article 4(7) and (21) and Articles 15, 23 and 77 of (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection …

… The Court concluded that Article 82(1) of (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ 2016 L 119, p. 1), must be interpreted as meaning that the making of an apology may constitute sufficient compensation for non-material damage on the basis of that provision, …

… Article 82(1) of / must be interpreted as conferring on the data subject a right to compensation for the damage resulting from an infringement of the right of access provided for in Article 15(1) of that regulation. 3. …

… Provisional text JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (Fourth Chamber) 19 March 2026 (*) (Reference for a preliminary ruling - Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data - (EU) / - Article 12(5) - Article 15(1) - Data subject’s right of access to the personal data concerning him or her - Controller’s right to refuse to act on the request for access - Excessive character of the request - Abuse of rights - First request for access - Right to compensation and liability …

… Kranenborg, acting as Agents, after hearing the Opinion of the Advocate General at the sitting on 18 September 2025, gives the following Judgment 1 This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of point 2 of Article 4, Article 12(5) and Article 82(1) of (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive …

… This case therefore affords the Court an opportunity to clarify the scope of Directive (EU) 2016/680 (2) in relation to (EU) / (3) and to consolidate its case-law on the proportionality of the processing (collection) of personal data by a criminal court to the objective pursued. Legal framework Directive 2016/680 3. …

… (eds), Oxford University Press, 2024, pp. 79 to 132, in particular p. 104, section 7.2.4, which also cites the minutes of the twelfth meeting of the Commission expert group on (EU) / and Directive (EU) 2016/680, of 2 October 2017, which records the Member States’ agreement that that directive should apply to criminal courts (document available at: https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/expert-groups-register/screen/expert-groups/consult? …

… See also the minutes of the fifteenth meeting of the Commission expert group on the (EU) / and Directive (EU) 2016/680, of 20 February 2018, paragraph 5 of which refers to the difficulties encountered in transposing the directive in this regard and notes that some Member States stated that their prosecutors had the same level of independence as their judges (available at: https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/expert-groups-register/screen/meetings/consult? …

… (EU) / of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ 2016 L 119, p. 1, and corrigendum OJ 2018 L 127, p. 2; ‘the GDPR’), and Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard …

… present Opinion). 54 Those terms are, more specifically, referred to in footnotes 95, 97 and 99 to the application at first instance. 55 Those grounds of appeal correspond, respectively, to a subdivision of the first part of the second and third pleas in law of the actions at first instance. 56 See, respectively, paragraphs 177 to 185 and 224 to 239 of the judgments under appeal. 57 The first of those parts alleges, the first alleges that the General Court’s analysis was limited to Article 9 of …

… As amended with effect from March 2019 with a view to (a) being brought into line with (EU) / on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (“General Data Protection Regulation” – “the GDPR”), and (b) transposing Directive (EU) 2016/680 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection …