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… Nothing in the requests for a preliminary ruling shows that any person relies on the right to an effective remedy enshrined in of the . It thus appears that of the cannot be invoked in the context of the main proceedings. (48) 44. 19 TEU gives concrete expression to the value of the rule of law contained in 2 TEU. …

… The constitutions of certain Member States reflect a similar approach: see the Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus, Art. 133.12, and the Constitution of Ireland, Art. 35.5, amended by the 29th Amendment of the Constitution Act, 2011. 3 Interpreted in the light of of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the ’). …

… See judgment of 7 February 2019, Escribano Vindel (C-49/18, EU:C:2019:106, paragraphs 38 to 60) (‘the Escribano Vindel judgment). 4 The requirement that courts are , inherent in the task of adjudication, is a constituent of the right to effective judicial protection, which in turn is part of the fundamental right to a fair trial pursuant to of the . …

… 1 and 2 of the of the United Nations. 3. …

… For the purpose of applying and complying with the principle of non-refoulement under 21(1) of Directive 2011/95, in conjunction with 19 of the , does the personal situation of an applicant for international protection come within the scope of the interpretation given in [point 4 of the operative part] of the judgment of 19 March 2019, Jawo (C-163/17, EU:C:2019:218), concerning extreme material poverty under 4 of the [], in the light of the situation in the Gaza …

… for subsidiary protection, and for the content of the protection granted (OJ 2011 L 337, p. 9), 40 of Directive 2013/32/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection (OJ 2013 L 180, p. 60), and 19 of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the ’). 2 The request has been made in proceedings between, on the one hand, SN and LN and, on the other hand, the Zamestnik-predsedatel …

… 12(1), before a competent judicial or administrative authority or a competent body composed of members who are and who enjoy safeguards of .’ …

… The information on reasons in fact may be limited where national law allows for the right to information to be restricted, in particular in order to safeguard national security, defence, public security and for the prevention, investigation, detection and prosecution of criminal offences.’ 5 Under 13(1) of the same directive: ‘The third-country national concerned shall be afforded an effective remedy to appeal against or seek review of decisions related to return, as referred to in …

… the principle of non-refoulement.’ 3 6(1) of that directive provides: ‘Member States shall issue a return decision to any third-country national staying illegally on their territory, without prejudice to the exceptions referred to in paragraphs 2 to 5.’ 4 Pursuant to 12(1) of that directive: ‘Return decisions and, if issued, entry-ban decisions and decisions on removal shall be issued in writing and give reasons in fact and in law as well as information about available legal remedies …

… Wilman, acting as Agents, after hearing the Opinion of the Advocate General at the sitting on 13 July 2023, gives the following Judgment 1 This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of 24(2) of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the ’) and 10(1)(d) and (2) of Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as …

… for international protection - 24(2) of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union - Best interests of the child - Determination - Third-country nationals who are minors and who identify with the fundamental value of equality between women and men by reason of their stay in a Member State) In Case C-646/21, REQUEST for a preliminary ruling under 267 TFEU from the rechtbank Den Haag, zittingsplaats ’s-Hertogenbosch (District Court, The Hague, sitting at ’s-Hertogenbosch …

… Provisional text JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (Grand Chamber) 11 June 2024 (*) (Reference for a preliminary ruling - Area of freedom, security and justice - Common asylum policy - Directive 2011/95/EU - Qualification for refugee status - 2(d) and (e) - Reasons for persecution - 10(1)(d) and (2) - ‘Membership of a particular social group’ - 4 - Individual assessment of the facts and circumstances - Directive 2013/32/EU - 10(3) - Requirements for the examination of applications …

… Polish judges are thus forced to adjudicate on cases, including cases involving funding under the Facility, ‘in professionally impossible circumstances where they will still be subject to unlawful pressures and curtailment of their and ’. …

… The stipulated reforms and investments are planned to be carried out by the Republic of Poland during the period between the last quarter of 2021 and the second quarter of 2026. 15 The measures relating to the reform of justice in Poland are specified in milestones F1G, F2G and F3G. 16 In accordance with milestone F1G, several measures must be taken to strengthen the and of Polish judges. …

… The admissibility of the applicants’ actions acting in their own name 41 The applicants submit that they are associations whose mission is to defend the value of the rule of law and the of the judiciary. They regularly act as interlocutors with the EU institutions on rule of law matters and themselves have an institutional interest in defending judicial and the value of the rule of law. …

… of Fundamental Rights of the European Union - 19(2) - Protection in the event of removal - - Right to an effective remedy) I. …

… The third-country national concerned shall be afforded an effective remedy to appeal against or seek review of decisions related to return, as referred to in 12(1), before a competent judicial or administrative authority or a competent body composed of members who are and who enjoy safeguards of . 2. …

… 9(1)(a) of that directive provides: ‘Member States shall postpone removal: (a) when it would violate the principle of non-refoulement …’ 12. Last, 13(1) and (2) of that directive is worded as follows: ‘1. …

… of Fundamental Rights of the European Union 61. 24 of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (“the ”) provides as follows: “1. Children shall have the right to such protection and care as is necessary for their well-being. They may express their views freely. Such views shall be taken into consideration on matters which concern them in accordance with their age and maturity. 2. …

… According to the CJEU’s settled case-law, for the judicial review guaranteed by of the of Fundamental Rights to be effective, the person concerned must be able to ascertain the reasons upon which the decision taken in relation to him or her is based, either by reading the decision itself or by requesting and obtaining notification of those reasons, without prejudice to the power of the court with jurisdiction to require the authority concerned to provide that information (judgment …

… CODE OF ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE (LAW NO. 500/2004) . 17 § 3 provides that, in order to protect classified information or other information subject to a statutory duty of confidentiality, part of the documents or records must be kept separately from the case file in the cases specified by law. 48. …

… Law 13 The applicant raises three pleas in law, alleging, first, infringement of the right to be heard and of the right to have one’s case handled within the meaning of 41 of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the ’), secondly, infringement of 27(2) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2018/625 of 5 March 2018 supplementing Regulation 2017/1001, and repealing Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/1430 (OJ 2018 L 104, p. 1), and, thirdly, infringement …

… It failed to comply with 27(2) of Delegated Regulation 2018/625 in so far as it did not provide the reasons why it based its decision on facts other than those submitted by the parties. 21 EUIPO and the intervener dispute those arguments. 22 It follows from 41(1) of the that ‘every person has the right to have his or her affairs handled , fairly and within a reasonable time by the institutions, bodies, offices and agencies of the Union’. 23 In that regard, the need …

… The Board of Appeal thus infringed 41(1) of the . The Board of Appeal should have confined itself to interpreting the lists of goods and services at issue according to a literal interpretation under 33(5) of Regulation 2017/1001 instead of distorting the literal meaning of the goods covered by the earlier mark. …

… infringement of 2(10) of the basic regulation; and, fourth, infringement of 2(10)(j) of the basic regulation. …

… However, they form part of the general principles of EU law and, in particular, the principle of sound administration, which is also set out in Article 41 of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (OJ 2010 C 83, p. 389). …

… The first plea in law, alleging infringement of 2(10)(i) of the basic regulation 14 The first plea consists of three parts. First, the applicants submit that the amount of the adjustment exceeds the commission actually paid. Second, the applicants claim that, since no profit margin was received, no adjustment under 2(10)(i) of the basic regulation should have been applied. …

… Van Nuffel, acting as Agents, after hearing the Opinion of the Advocate General at the sitting on 1 February 2024, gives the following Judgment 1 This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of 2, 4(3) and 19(1) TEU, of 12 and of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the ’), of Annex IX to the Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Republic of Bulgaria and Romania and the adjustments to the Treaties on …

… , the Curtea de Apel Piteşti (Court of Appeal, Piteşti) decided to stay the proceedings and to refer the following questions to the Court of Justice for a preliminary ruling: ‘(1) Do 2 and the second subparagraph of 19(1) TEU, read in conjunction with 12 and [of the ], preclude the placing of limits on the bringing of certain legal proceedings by the professional associations of judges - aiming to promote and to protect the of the judiciary and the …

… In that respect, rules that provide for the involvement of an body in accordance with a procedure that fully safeguards the rights enshrined in and 48 of the , notably the rights of the defence, and enshrine the possibility to challenge disciplinary bodies’ decisions by way of legal proceedings, form part of a set of guarantees essential to safeguarding the of the judiciary (see, to that effect, judgment of 18 May 2021, Asociația ‘Forumul Judecătorilor …