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… , non-discrimination and sincere cooperation, and Article 11 of the . …

… failed to fulfil its obligations under 5(2) of the Authorisation Directive, 45 of Directive (EU) 2018/1972 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 establishing the European Electronic Communications Code (OJ 2018 L 321, p. 36) and 11 of the , on account of the fact that the Media Council, in the call for tenders concerning the use of opportunities to provide media services on the frequency 92.9 MHz, which it published on 4 November 2020, and …

… frequency - Principles of proportionality, transparency, non-discrimination and good administration - 11 of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union - Freedom of expression and information - Freedom of the media) In Case C-92/23 ACTION for failure to fulfil obligations under 258 TFEU, brought on 17 February 2023, European Commission, represented by A. de Gregorio Merino, U. …

… The therefore applies. 90. …

… In that regard, of the , which guarantees the right to effective judicial protection, must be taken into account where the exercise of that right by victims might be impeded. An extension of the immunity of EESC members beyond its strictly functional character would undermine that right. …

… The enjoyed by EESC members in the performance of their duties and the approximation of their legal status with that of officials and other servants of the European Union . It should be recalled that under 300(4) TFEU, EESC members are not bound by any mandatory instructions and are completely in the performance of their duties, in the general interest of the European Union. …

… of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the Charter’), every person has the right to have his or her affairs handled , fairly and within a reasonable time by the institutions, bodies, offices and agencies of the European Union. …

… Therefore “Tecfidera - Dimethyl fumarate”, the application of which was based on 8(3) of Directive [2001/83], and the already authorised medicinal product Fumaderm do not belong to the same global [MA] as described in 6(1) of Directive [2001/83].’ 12 On 27 November 2017, Pharmaceutical Works Polpharma S.A. …

… Those scientific conclusions and the [j]udgment of the General Court of 5 May 2021 in Case T-611/18 support the determination that Tecfidera does not benefit from an global marketing authorisation. This also entails that, following the General Court’s reasoning, Tecfidera could not benefit, at the time of the submission of this generic application, from any marketing protection. …

… of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the Charter’), every person has the right to have his or her affairs handled , fairly and within a reasonable time by the institutions, bodies, offices and agencies of the European Union. …

… Therefore “Tecfidera - Dimethyl fumarate”, the application of which was based on 8(3) of Directive [2001/83], and the already authorised medicinal product Fumaderm do not belong to the same global [MA] as described in 6(1) of Directive [2001/83].’ 12 On 27 November 2017, Pharmaceutical Works Polpharma S.A. …

… Those scientific conclusions and the [j]udgment of the General Court of 5 May 2021 in Case T-611/18 support the determination that Tecfidera does not benefit from an global marketing authorisation. This also entails that, following the General Court’s reasoning, Tecfidera could not benefit, at the time of the submission of this generic application, from any marketing protection. …

… of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the Charter’), every person has the right to have his or her affairs handled , fairly and within a reasonable time by the institutions, bodies, offices and agencies of the European Union. …

… Therefore “Tecfidera - Dimethyl fumarate”, the application of which was based on 8(3) of Directive [2001/83], and the already authorised medicinal product Fumaderm do not belong to the same global [MA] as described in 6(1) of Directive [2001/83].’ 12 On 27 November 2017, Pharmaceutical Works Polpharma S.A. …

… Those scientific conclusions and the [j]udgment of the General Court of 5 May 2021 in Case T-611/18 support the determination that Tecfidera does not benefit from an global marketing authorisation. This also entails that, following the General Court’s reasoning, Tecfidera could not benefit, at the time of the submission of this generic application, from any marketing protection. …

… Furthermore, the Supreme Court in a resolution on legal interpretation of 23 January 2020 found that the DCSC had “structurally fail[ed] to fulfil the criteria of an court within the meaning of of the and 45 § 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and Article 6 § 1 [of the Convention]” (ibid., §§ 199-200). 133. …

… In the case of Reczkowicz (cited above) the Court has previously found that the DCSC failed to satisfy the requirements of an “ and tribunal established by law” as prescribed in 6 § 1 of the Convention. …

… ., § 258), and on the other, the fact that the CPL panel in question had recognised that the suspension had been ordered by the DCSC – a body that did not meet the requirements of an and tribunal established by law within the meaning of 6 § 1 of the Convention. …

… It is ultimately for the referring court to examine whether the three conditions laid down by 9 of Directive 2006/123 are met, because it is best acquainted with the facts of the dispute. (22) . However, the Court of Justice, in order to provide answers of use to the referring court, may provide guidance in order to enable the referring court to give judgment. (23) 1. Discrimination 48. …

… As regards the fire safety certificate, 27 specifies the conditions for obtaining a simplified inspection certificate within the meaning of 5(2)(a) of the Ordinance of 8 May 2014. 13. …

… In accordance with 4, the provision of tourist accommodation is subject to a ‘prior declaration’ and registration and to compliance with the conditions laid down inter alia in 5(2). (8) 11. …

… 41(1) and 39(2) of the or to points 6 and 8 of Notice No 11/2019. 34 By the second part of the third ground of appeal, the appellants submit that, in paragraphs 239 to 257 of the judgment under appeal, the General Court erred in law and distorted the evidence in so far as it stated that their argument alleging a lack of on the part of the rapporteur was unfounded, and infringed 41(1) and 39(2) of the and the principles arising from point 8 of …

… Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, signed in Rome on 4 November 1950, and of the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights - 296 TFEU and 36 and 53 of the Statute of the Court of Justice of the European Union, in so far as the General Court erred in law by failing to provide adequate and sufficient reasons for the judgment under appeal; - the ninth, alleging that the General Court infringed of the , interpreted in the light of 6 and 13 of the Convention …

… of the Members of the national political party which - having relied on actio popularis in the criminal proceedings at issue - instigated the prosecution in the criminal proceedings at issue (‘the political party that instigated the criminal proceedings at issue’) was not contrary to 41(1) of the , read in the light of point 8 of Notice No 11/2019. 41 In that regard, the appellants recall that the requirement of imposed by 41(1) of the encompasses subjective …

… The referring court seeks to ascertain whether 2 TEU, the second subparagraph of 19(1) TEU and of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the ’) preclude such national legislation. …

… Consequently, the Court has jurisdiction to interpret 2 TEU and the second subparagraph of 19(1) TEU, read in the light of of the , in the present case. 32. …

… As previously indicated, (24) while the latter provision is not applicable in the present case, as such, it must be duly taken into consideration for the purposes of interpreting the second subparagraph of 19(1) TEU. It follows from the first sentence of the second paragraph of of the that everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and tribunal previously established by law. …

… 23(1) and 46(1) of Directive 2013/32/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection (OJ 2013 L 180, p. 60), and of 4, 19(2) and of the of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the ’). 2 The request has been made in proceedings between W and Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid (State Secretary for Justice and Security, Netherlands; ‘the State …

… , in paragraph 1 thereof: ‘The third-country national concerned shall be afforded an effective remedy to appeal against or seek review of decisions related to return, as referred to in 12(1), before a competent judicial or administrative authority or a competent body composed of members who are and who enjoy safeguards of .’ …

… Provisional text JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (Fifth Chamber) 29 January 2026 (*) (Reference for a preliminary ruling - Asylum policy - Directive 2013/32/EU - Common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection - 23(1) - Access to the information in the file of an applicant for international protection - 46 - Right to an effective remedy - of Fundamental Rights of the European Union - 4, 18 and 19(2) - Principle of non-refoulement - Second …