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… In the determination of his civil rights and obligations or of any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and by . ...” 19.  The Government contested that argument. A.  The parties’ submissions 20.   …

… The applicant complained that Ch. had exerted undue pressure on the jury in contravention of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention, which, in so far as relevant, reads as follows: “In the determination of ... any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair ... hearing ... by an and by .” 18. …

… THE I. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 6 OF THE CONVENTION 20. The applicant complained of a number of violations of Article 6 of the Convention, which reads, in so far as relevant: “1. In the determination of... any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and by ... ... 3. …

… Everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and previously by . Everyone shall have the possibility of being advised, defended and represented. …’ 6 The Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights (OJ 2007 C 303, p. 17) state that the first paragraph of Article 47 thereof is based on Article 13 of the ECHR. …

… Legal context International 3 Article 6(1) of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, signed in Rome on 4 November 1950 (‘the ECHR’), provides: ‘In the determination of his civil rights and obligations or of any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and by …’. 4 Under Article 41 of the ECHR: ‘If the Court finds that there has been …

… European Union The Charter 5 Title VI of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the Charter’), headed ‘Justice’, includes Article 47, entitled ‘Right to an effective remedy and to a fair trial’, which states: ‘Everyone whose rights and freedoms guaranteed by the of the Union are violated has the right to an effective remedy before a in compliance with the conditions laid down in this Article. …

… ., everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and by . ...” Furthermore, relying on Article 1 of Protocol No. 1, he complained, in essence, about his personal liability for a debt of L.E. That Article provides: “Every natural or legal person is entitled to the peaceful enjoyment of his possessions. …

… THE 57. The applicant complained that the failure to serve on him personally the decisions rendered in the strike-off proceedings against company L.E. had amounted to a violation of his right of access to a court under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. …

… THE I.  ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 6 §§ 1 AND 3 (d) OF THE CONVENTION 48.  Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (d) of the Convention read as follows: “1.  In the determination of his civil rights and obligations or of any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and by . ... 3.  Everyone charged with a criminal offence has the following minimum rights: ... …

… ., everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and by .” 20. The Government contested the applicants’ arguments. A. Admissibility 21. The Government did not contest that Article 6 applies in the applicant’s situation. The Court considers, in the light of its case-law, that this provision is applicable in the present case (see Boulois v. Luxembourg [GC], no. 37575/04, § 90, ECHR 2012, Ternovskis v. …

… They relied on Article 6 of the Convention, the relevant part of which reads as follows: “In the determination of ... any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair ... hearing ... by an and by .” A. Admissibility 29. The Government submitted that Article 6 of the Convention was not applicable to the impugned proceedings, because the applicants had been charged with an administrative rather than a criminal offence. …

… The applicants complain that the administrative proceedings in their cases fell short of the guarantees of a fair hearing, including the principles of equality of arms, adversarial proceedings, and of the , and also that they had been prevented from calling and examining key witnesses. …

… ., everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and by . ...” 69. On 8 April 2013 the Government submitted a unilateral declaration stating that they were prepared to acknowledge a violation of the applicant’s rights under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention as a result of the unreasonable length of the civil proceedings in which she had been involved. They also offered to pay her EUR 1,080 as just satisfaction. …

… That, in the Court’s view, is sufficient to enable it to conclude that the civil proceedings brought about the result desired by Article 3 of the Convention – and holding accountable those responsible in an effective manner. 67. There has accordingly been no violation of this provision. II. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 6 OF THE CONVENTION 68. …

… In the determination of his civil rights and obligations or of any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an and by . ... 3. …

… The Court, being the master of the characterisation to be given in to the facts of the case (see Wetjen and Others v. Germany, nos. 68125/14 and 72204/14, § 44, 22 March 2018, with further references), finds it appropriate to examine this complaint solely under Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (c) of the Convention which, in so far as relevant, reads as follows: “1. …